
US
2012/0147184
A1
era
data
to
the
surveillance
client
250
using
standard
network
means
such
as
IP,
HTTP,
HTTPS,
TCP,
ICMP,
UDP,
SMTP,
FTP,
DHCP,
UPnPTM,
Bonjour,
ARP,
DNS,
DynDNS,
802.
IX,
and
NTP.
[0097]
As
described
above,
by
removing
the
Web
server
for
a
network
camera
system
out
of
the
Wireless
camera
250,
the
Wireless
camera
can
achieve
ultra-loW
poWer
consumption.
HoWever,
unlike
the
Wireless
camera
21
0,
the
base
station
220
requires
a
relatively
robust
external
poWer
supply
to
alloW
for
continuous
operation
of
the
Web
server
222.
This
poWer
sup
ply
can
have
a
battery
back-up
to
enable
operation
for
periods
of
hours
to
days
during
main
poWer
loss.
It
may
also
be
possible
to
poWer
the
base
station
220 from
a
large
battery
Which
is
charged
by
a
relatively
large
solar
cell
panel.
In
another
implementation,
the
base
station
220
can
obtain
some
or
all
of
its
poWer
through
a
poWer
over
Ethernet
(POE)
methods, such
as
the
IEEE
802.3af
standard.
In
this
case
also
the
unit
may
have
battery
back-up
capabilities.
[0098]
Furthermore,
the
base
station
220
can
be
a
self
contained
unit
With
no
keyboard
or
monitor
to
enable
a
small
form
factor.
For
example,
the
base
station
220
can have
a
form
factor
similar
to
that
of
a
“Wall
Wart,”
Which
is
a
small
poWer
supply
brick
With
integral
male
plug,
designed
to
plug
directly
into
a
Wall
outlet.
Additionally,
the
WallWart
style
base
station
220
can
use
the
PoWer
over
Ethernet
methods
for
communications
With
the
client
device.
In
this
manner,
the
base
station
220
can
be
easy
to
install
because
it
can
be
readily
plugged
in to
a
poWer
socket.
The
base
station
220
can
also
use
?ash
memory
or
rotation
media
to
store
captured
data.
[0099]
As
noted
above,
audio/video
data
can be
requested
by
the
client
application
system
through
the
netWork
260
and
serviced
by
a
virtual
Web
server
222
in
the
base
station
220.
Typically,
the
remote
client
250
consists
of
computer
running
a
softWare
application
that
analyZes
and/or
stores
data
for
security
and
surveillance
purposes.
Multiple
cameras
can
be
connected
to
a
base
station
220
via
the
Wireless
link
240.
The
client
computer
can
in
turn
run
a
surveillance
application
to
access
the
connected
cameras.
The
client
application
can
query
the
virtual
Web
server
222
in
the
base
station
220
using
standard
or
de-facto
APIs
such
as
those
available
from
Axis
communications.
In
particular,
the
base
station
code
can
com
ply
With
Well
established
IP
camera
API’s
from
companies
such
as
Axis
communication’s
“VAPIX”API
or
similarAPIs.
[0100]
In
one
implementation,
the
base
station
220
can
be
connected
to
the
Internet
through
a
cable
modem
or
a
DSL
modem.
In
this
manner,
the
IP
address
of
the
cable
modem
or
DSL
modem
can
be
dynamically
assigned.
The
constant
changing of
the
IP
address
can
make
it
more
complicated
to
build
a
virtual
Web
server
on
the
base
station
220 and
provide
accessibility
to
clients
on
the
Internet.
A
dynamic
domain
name
server
(DDNS)
service
can be
used
to
alloW
users
anyWhere
on
the
Internet
to
“?nd”
the
base
station
Web
server
222,
even
if
its
IP
address
is
constantly
changing.
A
DDNS
function
can be
provided
to
enable
a
?xed
name
for
the
Web
server
so
that
remote
users
on
the
Internet
can
?nd
the
IP
address
of
the
Web
server.
[0101]
In
certain
implementations,
the
base
station
220
can
include
softWare
that
determines
the
dynamically
changing
IP
address
and
forWards
a
neW
IP
address
to
the
DDNS.
This
can
occur
every
time
a
neW
IP
address
is
assigned
by
the
local
Internet
Service
Provider
(ISP).
The
softWare
can
send
the
necessary
updates
to
all
of
the
DDNS
host
names
that
need
it.
The
user
or
remote
client
softWare
can
use
a
speci?cally
constructed
“domain
name”
and
this
Would
be
setup
in
the
Jun.
14,
2012
DDNS
hosting
site.
Therefore,
if
the
IP
address
is
changed
by
the
local
ISP
then
the
DDNS
updates
the
DNS
records
and
sets
the
TTL
(time
to
live)
to
a
value
that
Will
cause
a
propa
gation
of
the
updated
DNS
record
throughout
the
Internet.
There
are
many
common
providers
that
provide
hosting
ser
vices,
such
as
dyndns.org.
Alternatively,
domain
names
can
be
purchased
or
free
ones
can
be
obtained,
but
many
of
the
free
ones
can
have usage
restrictions.
[0102]
Additionally,
the
remote
client
250
can
run
on
a
handheld
or
Wireless
device,
such
as
a
mobile
phone,
a
per
sonal
digital
assistance
(PDA),
a
smartphone,
or
the
like.
In
one
implementation,
the
base
station
220
can
include
image
optimization
processing
softWare
or
hardWare
for
relaying
or
transmitting the
captured
images
to
the
remote
client
via a
Wireless
application
protocol
(WAP).
For
example,
the
base
station
220
can
perform
image
formatting,
coding
and
com
munication
in
order
to
optimiZe
the
image
quality
and
behav
ior
to
the
characteristics
of
the
netWork
link
and
the
con
strained
nature (bandWidth/siZe)
of
the
handheld
device
that
is
running
the
client
vieWing
softWare.
[0103]
This
image
optimiZation
processing
can
enable
the
base
station
220
to
only
send
portions
of
the
image
at
a
time
or
only
send
Zoomed-in
image
information
(to
best ?t
to
the
smaller
screen
and
loWer
netWork
bandWidth
of
the
handheld
device),
or
send
images
With
loWer
resolution or
at
loWer
frame
rates.
For
example,
this
feature
can
alloW
an
end
user
to
remotely
vieW
the
output
of
the
Wireless
cameras
from
the
convenience
of
a
handheld
device,
such
as
a
mobile
phone.
Remote
vieWing
of
the
Wireless
camera
output
from
a
hand
held
mobile
device
can
be
offered
as
an
additional
service
to
the
user
from
the
mobile
netWork
carrier
company
(e. g.,
AT&T).
This
can
create
an
attractive
revenue
generation
opportunity
for
the
mobile
netWork
carriers.
[0104]
The
base
station
220
can
also
include
a
loW-band
Width,
loW-poWer
radio
beacon 230
for
communication
With
the
Wireless
camera 210
via a
second
Wireless
link.
The
sec
ondary
radio
230
can be
loW
poWer,
hoWever,
the
timing
of
this
secondary
radio
230
needs
to
be
accurate
in
order
to
use
the
bulk,
high-bandWidth
radio
transmission
e?iciently.
The
predictability
of
the
secondary
radio
coming on
and
transmit
ting
information
may
need
to
be
in
the
order
of
less
than
one
millisecond
response
time
in
order
to
avoid
Wasting
the
chan
nel
time
of
the
high-bandWidth
bulk
radio.
[0105]
The
Wireless
link
240
can
include
one
or
more
Wire
less
links.
For
example,
a
?rst
Wireless
link
can
be
a
high
bandWidth
Wireless
link
and
a
second
Wireless
link
can
be
a
loW-bandWidth
Wireless
link.
In
addition,
the
Wireless
link
240
can
be
an
RF
connection,
a
loW
complexity
LF,
UHF
or
VHF
connection
With
a
baud
rate
of
a
feW
to
tens
of
kilobits,
a
Bluetooth
connection,
a
cellular
netWork,
a
Wireless
Ether
net
netWork,
a
WiFi
netWork,
or
a
WiMAX
netWork.
One
example
of
receiver
is
the
Texas
Instrument’s
semi-passive
RFID
product
TMS37l22-TR.
Another
implementation
for
this
type
of
radio
can
be
seen
in,
e.g.,
“LoW-poWer,
super
regenerative
receiver
targets
433-MHZ
ISM
ban
”,
as
described
in
page
78
of
the
February-2006
issue
of
Electronic
Design
NeWs.
The
netWork
260
connecting
the
base
station
220
With
the
remote
client
250
canbe
a
Wireless
netWork
(e. g.,
a
Bluetooth
connection,
a
cellular
netWork,
a
Wireless
Ether
net
netWork,
a
WiFi
netWork,
or a
WiMAX
netWork)
or a
Wired
netWork
(e.g.,
LAN/WAN
netWork,
or
POE
netWork).
[0106]
Several
poWer
saving
techniques
can
be
used
indi
vidually
or
in
combination
to
reduce
the
overall
battery
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